Unlocking Your Potential Blockchain Side Hustle Id
The digital revolution has ushered in an era of unprecedented opportunity, and at the forefront of this seismic shift lies blockchain technology. Once a niche concept associated with cryptocurrencies, blockchain has evolved into a powerful, decentralized infrastructure with the potential to reshape industries and empower individuals. For those seeking to augment their income, gain new skills, or simply tap into the burgeoning digital economy, blockchain offers a fertile ground for innovative side hustles. This isn't just about trading digital coins; it's about understanding and participating in a fundamental technological paradigm shift.
The beauty of blockchain lies in its transparency, security, and decentralization. These core principles translate into a myriad of potential income streams that are often more accessible and potentially more rewarding than traditional avenues. Whether you're a seasoned developer, a creative artist, a savvy marketer, or simply someone with a keen interest in the future of technology, there's a blockchain-related side hustle waiting for you. The barrier to entry is lower than you might think, and the potential for growth is immense.
One of the most direct entry points into the blockchain side hustle landscape is through cryptocurrency investing and trading. While this might seem obvious, approaching it as a "side hustle" requires a strategic and disciplined mindset, distinct from speculative gambling. This involves understanding market trends, conducting thorough research on various cryptocurrencies, and developing a personal investment strategy. Instead of chasing quick gains, focus on long-term value appreciation and diversification. Platforms like Coinbase, Binance, and Kraken offer user-friendly interfaces for buying, selling, and storing digital assets. However, it's crucial to remember that the cryptocurrency market is volatile. Therefore, only invest what you can afford to lose and prioritize education over hype. Consider exploring staking, where you can earn passive income by holding certain cryptocurrencies, or yield farming, which involves providing liquidity to decentralized exchanges in return for rewards. These methods, while requiring a deeper understanding, can offer more consistent returns than active trading.
Beyond direct investing, blockchain development and smart contract programming represent a highly sought-after skill set. If you have a background in programming, learning languages like Solidity (for Ethereum-based projects) or Rust (for Solana and others) can open doors to lucrative freelance opportunities. Companies and individuals are constantly seeking developers to build decentralized applications (dApps), create custom tokens, and automate processes through smart contracts. Platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal list numerous blockchain development gigs. Even if you're not a full-fledged developer, understanding the basics of smart contracts can position you for roles in smart contract auditing, testing, or consulting. This path requires a significant time investment in learning and practice, but the demand for skilled blockchain professionals is projected to soar.
The explosion of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) has created a dynamic new ecosystem for creators and entrepreneurs. For artists, musicians, writers, and even collectors, NFTs offer a way to monetize digital creations and prove ownership in a verifiable way. If you have a creative talent, you can mint your digital art, music, photography, or even unique digital collectibles as NFTs and sell them on marketplaces like OpenSea, Rarible, or Foundation. The key to success here lies in building a brand, engaging with the NFT community, and creating unique, high-quality content that resonates with buyers. Beyond creating your own NFTs, you can also explore services related to the NFT space. This could include offering NFT art consulting, helping artists navigate the minting process, or even developing tools and platforms for NFT creators and collectors. The NFT market is still evolving, and understanding its nuances is crucial for success.
For those with a knack for community building and marketing, Web3 community management and moderation is a growing field. As decentralized projects gain traction, they require dedicated individuals to foster vibrant and engaged communities on platforms like Discord and Telegram. This involves moderating discussions, answering questions, organizing events, and generally ensuring a positive and productive environment for project participants. Many blockchain projects actively seek community managers, offering compensation in cryptocurrency or fiat. This side hustle is ideal for individuals who are highly social, possess excellent communication skills, and have a genuine interest in the Web3 space.
Blockchain consulting and advisory services are also in high demand, particularly for individuals with a strong understanding of blockchain technology and its applications. Businesses across various sectors are exploring how to integrate blockchain into their operations, and they need expert guidance. If you can effectively explain complex blockchain concepts, identify potential use cases for businesses, and advise on implementation strategies, you can offer your services as a consultant. This could range from helping small businesses understand the basics of cryptocurrency payments to advising larger corporations on implementing supply chain solutions using blockchain. Your expertise could be the bridge that helps traditional businesses navigate the Web3 landscape.
Finally, creating and selling educational content about blockchain is another viable avenue. As blockchain technology becomes more mainstream, there's a growing appetite for accessible and understandable information. If you can break down complex topics into digestible formats, consider creating online courses, writing e-books, producing YouTube tutorials, or even hosting webinars. Platforms like Udemy, Skillshare, and Teachable allow you to host and monetize your educational content. Your ability to simplify and explain the intricacies of blockchain can empower others and generate a steady stream of income. The key is to identify a specific niche within the vast blockchain ecosystem that you can explain clearly and engagingly.
Continuing our exploration of the dynamic world of blockchain side hustles, we delve deeper into opportunities that leverage specific skills and emerging trends. The decentralized nature of blockchain technology fosters innovation across various sectors, creating unique avenues for individuals to contribute and earn. Whether you're looking to harness your existing talents or acquire new ones, the blockchain space offers a plethora of exciting possibilities to build a successful side venture.
For those with an analytical mind and an interest in data, blockchain data analysis and research presents a compelling opportunity. The immutable and transparent nature of blockchain transactions generates vast amounts of data that can be analyzed to identify trends, predict market movements, or uncover valuable insights. Services like Glassnode, Dune Analytics, and Nansen provide tools and platforms for exploring this data. You could offer freelance research services, create detailed reports on specific blockchain protocols or cryptocurrencies, or even develop custom analytics dashboards for clients. This path requires strong data analysis skills, familiarity with blockchain explorers, and an understanding of key blockchain metrics. The ability to translate raw data into actionable intelligence is highly valued.
Another significant area is DeFi (Decentralized Finance) participation and yield farming. DeFi aims to replicate traditional financial services – such as lending, borrowing, and trading – on decentralized blockchain networks, removing intermediaries. As a side hustle, this involves actively participating in DeFi protocols. This could mean lending your cryptocurrency to earn interest, providing liquidity to decentralized exchanges (DEXs) like Uniswap or SushiSwap to earn trading fees and token rewards, or engaging in more complex strategies like yield farming. These strategies often involve moving assets between different protocols to maximize returns. However, DeFi carries inherent risks, including smart contract vulnerabilities, impermanent loss in liquidity provision, and volatile market conditions. Thorough research, risk management, and a gradual approach are paramount. Starting with smaller amounts and focusing on well-established protocols is advisable.
For individuals with a passion for gaming and an understanding of digital economies, Play-to-Earn (P2E) gaming has emerged as a significant side hustle. P2E games, built on blockchain technology, allow players to earn cryptocurrency or NFTs by playing the game, completing quests, or trading in-game assets. Games like Axie Infinity, Splinterlands, and The Sandbox have gained immense popularity. Your side hustle could involve playing these games actively to earn rewards, acquiring valuable in-game assets to sell, or even establishing "scholarships" where you lend your in-game assets to other players in exchange for a percentage of their earnings. This requires a time commitment to gameplay, but the potential for earning while engaging in an enjoyable activity is attractive. Understanding the game's economy and the value of its digital assets is crucial for success.
The burgeoning metaverse presents another set of innovative side hustle opportunities. As virtual worlds become more sophisticated, the demand for virtual real estate development and management is growing. This involves buying virtual land in metaverses like Decentraland or The Sandbox and developing it for various purposes, such as creating virtual storefronts, hosting events, building games, or offering advertising space. You could also offer services as a virtual real estate agent, helping others buy, sell, or rent virtual properties. The success of this side hustle hinges on understanding the dynamics of different metaverses, identifying prime locations, and creating engaging virtual experiences that attract users and generate revenue.
For those with a creative flair for design and an understanding of blockchain, building and launching DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations) can be a fulfilling side venture. DAOs are community-governed organizations that operate on blockchain, with rules encoded in smart contracts. You could offer your services to help individuals or groups establish their own DAOs, design governance structures, develop tokenomics, and manage community engagement. This requires a blend of technical understanding, community organizing skills, and strategic thinking. Helping to build the infrastructure for decentralized governance is a forward-thinking and potentially lucrative endeavor.
Furthermore, blockchain security and auditing is a critical and in-demand field. As more value moves onto blockchain networks, the security of smart contracts and dApps becomes paramount. If you have a strong background in cybersecurity or programming, you can offer services as a smart contract auditor. This involves scrutinizing smart contract code for vulnerabilities, bugs, and potential exploits. Projects often pay significant sums for thorough security audits to protect their users and assets. This is a highly specialized area that requires deep technical expertise and a meticulous approach to problem-solving.
Finally, for the entrepreneurial spirit, creating and managing blockchain-based marketplaces or platforms offers a scalable side hustle. This could involve building a niche marketplace for specific types of NFTs, a platform for fractional ownership of digital assets, or a decentralized service that addresses a gap in the current Web3 ecosystem. While this requires a more significant investment of time and resources, the potential for building a substantial business and generating passive income is immense. The key is to identify a real-world problem that blockchain can solve more efficiently or effectively than existing solutions and then build a user-friendly platform around it.
In conclusion, the blockchain ecosystem is a rapidly evolving landscape brimming with opportunities for those willing to learn and adapt. These side hustle ideas represent just a fraction of what's possible. The core of success in any of these ventures lies in continuous learning, strategic planning, diligent execution, and a deep understanding of the technology and its community. By embracing the decentralized future, you can unlock your potential and build a rewarding and profitable side hustle that aligns with the innovations of tomorrow.
The digital revolution has consistently reshaped how we transact, create, and interact. Yet, the advent of blockchain technology represents a paradigm shift, a fundamental reimagining of trust, transparency, and value exchange. More than just the backbone of cryptocurrencies, blockchain is a robust infrastructure capable of supporting an astonishing array of revenue models, many of which are still in their nascent stages of development. Understanding these models is key to navigating the burgeoning Web3 landscape and harnessing its immense potential.
At its core, blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger that records transactions across many computers. This decentralization eliminates the need for central authorities, fostering a trustless environment where participants can interact directly and securely. This inherent characteristic forms the bedrock for many innovative revenue streams.
One of the most prominent and foundational revenue models revolves around transaction fees. In public blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum, users pay a small fee to miners or validators for processing and confirming their transactions. This fee incentivizes network participants to maintain the integrity and security of the blockchain. For developers building on these networks, transaction fees are an indirect revenue source; they design applications (dApps) that leverage the blockchain, and the network's inherent fee structure supports the ecosystem. The economics of these fees can fluctuate based on network congestion, creating a dynamic market for transaction priority.
Beyond basic transaction fees, tokenization has emerged as a powerful revenue engine. This involves representing real-world or digital assets as digital tokens on a blockchain. These tokens can then be bought, sold, or traded, creating liquidity and value for assets that were previously illiquid. For businesses, tokenization can unlock new markets by fractionalizing ownership of high-value assets like real estate, art, or even intellectual property. The revenue here comes from the issuance of these tokens, the trading fees generated on secondary markets, and potentially ongoing management or service fees associated with the underlying asset. Imagine a startup tokenizing its future revenue streams, allowing investors to buy a share of its success. This democratizes investment and provides early-stage funding for innovative projects.
The rise of Decentralized Applications (dApps) has opened up a vast frontier for blockchain-based revenue. Unlike traditional apps reliant on centralized servers and app stores, dApps run on decentralized networks. Their revenue models can mirror traditional software, but with a decentralized twist. This includes:
Subscription Models: Users might pay a recurring fee, often in cryptocurrency, to access premium features or services within a dApp. This could be for advanced analytics in a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform, enhanced gaming capabilities in a blockchain game, or exclusive content on a decentralized social network. Pay-per-Use: Similar to traditional cloud services, users can be charged based on their consumption of resources on the blockchain. This might involve paying for data storage on a decentralized cloud platform or computational power for complex smart contract executions. Freemium Models: Offering a basic version of the dApp for free, with users able to upgrade to premium features through payment. This strategy can attract a large user base and then monetize engaged users.
Smart Contracts are the engines that power many of these dApp functionalities. These are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. They automatically execute actions when predefined conditions are met. For developers and businesses, smart contracts can generate revenue through:
Development and Deployment Fees: Companies specializing in smart contract development charge for their expertise in building and auditing these complex pieces of code. The security and efficiency of a smart contract are paramount, making skilled developers highly sought after. Royalty Payments: Smart contracts can be programmed to automatically distribute royalties to creators or rights holders whenever an asset (like a digital artwork or a piece of music) is resold on a blockchain. This is a revolutionary concept for artists and content creators, ensuring they receive ongoing compensation for their work. Automated Escrow and Payment Systems: Businesses can leverage smart contracts to manage escrow services or facilitate automated payments between parties, charging a fee for the secure and transparent execution of these processes.
The explosive growth of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) has introduced entirely new avenues for revenue. NFTs are unique digital assets that represent ownership of a specific item, whether digital art, collectibles, music, or in-game assets. The revenue models associated with NFTs are multifaceted:
Primary Sales: Creators and brands can sell their NFTs directly to consumers, capturing the initial value of their digital creations. This has allowed artists to monetize their digital art without intermediaries and game developers to sell unique in-game items. Secondary Market Royalties: As mentioned with smart contracts, NFTs can be programmed to pay a percentage of every subsequent sale back to the original creator. This provides a sustainable, ongoing revenue stream for artists and creators, a concept previously unimaginable in many digital markets. NFT-Gated Content and Experiences: Owning a specific NFT can grant access to exclusive content, communities, events, or premium services. Businesses can use NFTs as a form of digital membership, generating revenue through initial NFT sales and by creating ongoing value for holders. Utility NFTs: These NFTs offer specific functionalities or benefits beyond just ownership. This could be access to a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), voting rights, or in-game advantages. The revenue is generated through the sale of these functional assets.
The realm of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has become a significant driver of blockchain revenue. DeFi aims to recreate traditional financial services—lending, borrowing, trading, insurance—on decentralized networks without intermediaries. Key revenue models within DeFi include:
Yield Farming and Staking Rewards: Users can earn rewards by providing liquidity to DeFi protocols or staking their tokens to secure the network. While users are earning, the protocols themselves generate revenue through transaction fees and by taking a small cut of the yield generated. Lending and Borrowing Fees: DeFi platforms facilitate peer-to-peer lending and borrowing. The platform can take a spread between the interest rates offered to lenders and borrowers, or charge a small fee for facilitating the transaction. Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs): DEXs allow users to trade cryptocurrencies directly from their wallets. They typically generate revenue through trading fees, which are usually a small percentage of each transaction. Insurance Protocols: Decentralized insurance platforms offer coverage against smart contract failures, stablecoin de-pegging, or other risks within the DeFi ecosystem. They generate revenue through premiums paid by users.
Blockchain technology’s inherent security and transparency also lend themselves to new models in data management and privacy. Companies are exploring ways to monetize secure data sharing and control.
Decentralized Data Marketplaces: Individuals can choose to monetize their own data by selling it securely and anonymously through decentralized marketplaces. The platform facilitates these transactions and takes a small fee. Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs): ZKPs allow one party to prove the truth of a statement to another party without revealing any information beyond the validity of the statement itself. This has immense potential for privacy-preserving services, where businesses can offer verification services without handling sensitive data, charging for these secure verification processes.
The move towards Web3, the next iteration of the internet, is intrinsically linked to blockchain revenue models. Web3 envisions a decentralized internet where users have more control over their data and digital identities. This shift is creating opportunities for:
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs): DAOs are member-owned communities governed by smart contracts and token holders. Revenue can be generated through membership fees, the sale of governance tokens, or through investments made by the DAO itself. The DAO's treasury, often funded through these means, is then used for development, grants, or other initiatives. Creator Economy Platforms: Blockchain is enabling new models for content creators, moving away from ad-heavy platforms. Creators can sell their work directly, offer subscriptions, or receive tips and royalties directly from their audience, often facilitated by crypto payments and NFTs.
The underlying infrastructure of blockchain itself also creates revenue opportunities.
Node Operation and Validation Services: Running and maintaining nodes for blockchain networks requires significant technical expertise and resources. Companies can offer these services, earning rewards or fees for ensuring network uptime and security. Blockchain Development and Consulting: As blockchain technology matures, there's a growing demand for skilled developers, architects, and consultants. Businesses specializing in blockchain development, integration, and strategic advisory services generate revenue by offering their expertise to other organizations looking to adopt or build on blockchain. Blockchain Analytics and Security Audits: The transparency of the blockchain can be a double-edged sword. Companies offering advanced analytics to track transactions, identify fraud, or provide security audits for smart contracts and dApps are finding a strong market.
The path forward for blockchain revenue models is one of constant innovation. As the technology matures and adoption expands, we will undoubtedly see even more creative and sophisticated ways for individuals and organizations to generate value and participate in the decentralized economy. The key lies in understanding the fundamental principles of decentralization, tokenization, and smart contracts, and then applying them to solve real-world problems and create new opportunities.
The initial excitement surrounding blockchain technology was largely tethered to its role as the engine for cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin’s groundbreaking emergence demonstrated a new form of digital scarcity and a decentralized alternative to traditional fiat currencies. However, the narrative has rapidly evolved, revealing a complex and diverse ecosystem of blockchain revenue models that extend far beyond simple coin-based transactions. These models are not merely theoretical; they are actively shaping industries, empowering creators, and redefining economic interactions in the digital age.
One of the most foundational revenue streams within the blockchain ecosystem is directly tied to transaction fees. On public blockchains, users are required to pay a small fee, often denominated in the network’s native cryptocurrency, to compensate the miners or validators who process and confirm their transactions. This fee structure is crucial for incentivizing the network’s security and operational integrity. For developers building decentralized applications (dApps) on these networks, these transaction fees represent an indirect revenue stream, as the existence and utilization of their applications contribute to the overall demand for network services. The economic viability of these fees can be quite dynamic, fluctuating with network congestion, which in turn influences the cost of performing transactions and the priority users are willing to pay.
Moving beyond basic transaction mechanics, the concept of tokenization has emerged as a significant revenue generator. This process involves converting rights to an asset—whether tangible, like real estate or art, or intangible, like intellectual property or future revenue streams—into digital tokens on a blockchain. These tokens can then be traded, exchanged, or utilized, effectively unlocking liquidity for assets that were previously difficult to divide or sell. For businesses, tokenization can open up entirely new markets by enabling fractional ownership. This democratizes investment opportunities, allowing a wider range of investors to participate in assets previously accessible only to a select few. Revenue is generated through the initial issuance of these tokens, subsequent trading fees on secondary markets, and potentially through ongoing management or service fees associated with the underlying asset. Imagine a startup that tokens its future intellectual property royalties, enabling investors to gain exposure to its creative output while providing the company with crucial early-stage funding.
The proliferation of Decentralized Applications (dApps) has unlocked a vast array of blockchain-native revenue streams. Unlike traditional applications that rely on centralized servers and are often monetized through app stores or advertising, dApps leverage the decentralized infrastructure of blockchains. Their revenue models, while sometimes mirroring familiar patterns, are fundamentally altered by their decentralized nature:
Subscription and Access Fees: Users may pay recurring fees, typically in cryptocurrency, to access enhanced features, premium content, or specialized services within a dApp. This could range from advanced trading tools on a decentralized exchange (DEX) to exclusive access in a blockchain-based gaming metaverse. Usage-Based Monetization: Similar to pay-as-you-go cloud services, users can be charged based on their consumption of decentralized network resources. This might involve paying for data storage on a decentralized cloud platform, computational power for complex smart contract executions, or bandwidth usage on a decentralized content delivery network. Freemium Models with Decentralized Upgrades: Offering a basic version of a dApp for free can attract a broad user base. Monetization occurs when users choose to upgrade to premium features or unlock advanced functionalities, often through token purchases or service agreements executed via smart contracts.
Smart Contracts, the self-executing code that automates agreements on the blockchain, are pivotal in enabling many of these dApp functionalities and generating revenue:
Development and Auditing Services: The complexity and security demands of smart contracts create a market for specialized development and auditing firms. These companies charge for their expertise in designing, coding, and verifying the integrity of smart contracts, ensuring they function as intended and are free from vulnerabilities. Automated Royalty Distribution: Smart contracts can be programmed to automatically distribute a percentage of secondary sales revenue back to the original creator of a digital asset, such as artwork or music. This provides artists and content creators with a sustainable, ongoing income stream directly tied to the lifecycle of their work. Decentralized Escrow and Payment Systems: Businesses can utilize smart contracts to establish secure, transparent, and automated escrow services or payment systems. By automating these processes, they can offer these services and charge a fee for their efficient and reliable execution.
The meteoric rise of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) has been a catalyst for entirely new revenue models, particularly in the creative and digital asset space:
Primary and Secondary Sales: Creators, artists, and brands can directly sell NFTs, capturing the initial value of their digital creations. Furthermore, NFTs can be programmed with royalties that automatically trigger a percentage of all subsequent resale profits to be sent back to the original creator, offering a continuous revenue stream that was previously unattainable in many digital markets. NFT-Gated Access and Communities: Ownership of specific NFTs can serve as a digital key, granting holders access to exclusive content, private communities, early product releases, or special events. This model allows businesses and creators to build and monetize dedicated communities around their digital assets. Utility-Driven NFTs: Beyond mere ownership, NFTs can be designed to provide practical functionalities. This includes in-game assets that offer advantages, digital identities that grant access to services, or governance tokens that provide voting rights within a decentralized organization. Revenue is generated from the sale of these functional NFTs.
The burgeoning field of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has become a significant engine for blockchain-based revenue, aiming to replicate traditional financial services in a disintermediated manner:
Liquidity Provision and Yield Farming: Users can earn rewards by depositing their crypto assets into liquidity pools on DEXs or by staking tokens to support various DeFi protocols. While users earn returns, the protocols themselves often generate revenue through a small cut of trading fees, interest spreads, or performance fees. Decentralized Lending and Borrowing: DeFi platforms facilitate peer-to-peer lending and borrowing. Revenue is generated by the spread between interest rates paid to lenders and interest rates charged to borrowers, or through small platform fees applied to these transactions. Decentralized Insurance: Protocols offering insurance against risks like smart contract exploits or stablecoin de-pegging generate revenue through the premiums paid by users seeking coverage within the DeFi ecosystem.
The inherent security, transparency, and immutability of blockchain technology are paving the way for innovative revenue models in data management and privacy:
Decentralized Data Marketplaces: Individuals can gain control over their personal data and choose to monetize it by securely selling access to it through decentralized marketplaces. These platforms facilitate these transactions while taking a small fee. Privacy-Preserving Analytics: Technologies like Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) enable verifiable computations without revealing underlying data. Businesses can offer services for data verification and analytics, charging for the ability to prove information without compromising privacy, opening up new revenue streams in sensitive sectors.
The evolution towards Web3, an internet characterized by decentralization and user ownership, is fundamentally underpinned by these blockchain revenue models. Web3 aims to shift power away from centralized platforms and back to users and creators:
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs): DAOs, community-governed entities operated by smart contracts and token holders, can generate revenue through various means, including the sale of governance tokens, membership fees, or through investment strategies managed by the DAO itself. The treasury, funded by these revenues, supports further development and community initiatives. Creator Economy Empowerment: Blockchain-based platforms are enabling creators to bypass traditional intermediaries, allowing them to directly monetize their content through token sales, subscriptions, direct fan support (tipping), and automated royalty payments, fostering a more equitable creator economy.
Finally, the foundational infrastructure and services that support the blockchain ecosystem itself represent significant revenue opportunities:
Node Operation and Network Services: Running and maintaining the nodes that power blockchain networks requires substantial technical resources and expertise. Companies providing these services earn rewards or fees for ensuring network uptime, security, and transaction processing. Blockchain Development and Consulting: The demand for specialized blockchain expertise continues to grow. Firms offering end-to-end blockchain development, integration, strategic consulting, and custom dApp creation are generating substantial revenue by helping businesses navigate and adopt this transformative technology. Security Audits and Analytics: The transparency and complexity of blockchain transactions necessitate specialized security and analytical services. Companies that provide smart contract audits, transaction analysis, fraud detection, and compliance solutions are essential to the ecosystem's health and profitability.
As blockchain technology continues its rapid evolution, the landscape of revenue models will undoubtedly become even more sophisticated and diverse. The core principles of decentralization, tokenization, and programmable value are powerful enablers of innovation, promising to unlock new economic paradigms and empower a new generation of digital enterprises and creators.